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N. C. District No. 2 Worker T. Pat Matthews No. Words 2036 |
Subject PARKER POOL Person Interviewed Parker Pool Editor Daisy Bailey Waitt" |
Pool, Parker |
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"Good Morning, how is yer? Dat front door am locked Kister, but I'll come 'round and undo it."
"I'm not feeling ve'y well an' it looks lak day 'll rob me out'n all I got. Dey had a mortgage on my home fer $850. I paid it, an' den dey got to gamblin' on it, an' tuk it. I didn't git de right receipts, when I paid: dat's de truf. I got a farm loan on de house part, yes sir, an' I still has it.
"I was born near Garner, Wake County, North Carolina. I belonged to Aufy Pool. He was a slave owner. His plantation was near Garner. I am 91 years old. I was born August 10, that's what my grandmammie tole me, an' I ain't never fergot it.
"My missus name was Betsy. My fust master, I had two, was Master Aufy Pool. Den he give us to his son, er his son bought us in at de sale when Master Aufy died. After Master Aufy died, his son, Louis Pool was my master den, an' his plantation was in Johnston County. My mother was named Violet Pool. She died in child-birth two years atter I was born. My father was named Peter Turner. He belonged to John Turner in Johnston County, right near
Clayton.
"My grandfather, I had two grandfathers, one on my mother's side and one on my father's side. On my mother's side Tom Pool, on my father's side Jerry Beddingfield. I never seed my great-grandparents, but my great-grandfather was name Buck. He was right out o' Africa. His wife was name Hagar. I never have seen dem, but my grandmother was deir daughter. Dey had three chillun here in America. My grandmammie and grandfather told me this. My brothers were name, oldest one, Haywood, den Lem, an' Peter, an' me, Parker Pool. De girls, oldest girl was Minerva Rilla.
"I had good owners. My missus and master dey took jes as good keer o' me as they could. Dey was good to all de han's. Dey giv' us plenty to eat, an' we had plenty o' clothes, sich as they was, but de was no sich clothes as we have now. Dey treated us good, I will have to say dat. Dey are dead in their graves, but I will have to say dis fer 'em. Our houses were in de grove. We called master's house 'de great house'. We called our homes 'de houses'. We had good places ter sleep.
"We got up at light. I had to do most o' the nursin' o' de chillun, case when choppin' time come de women had to go to work. We had plenty ter eat, an' we et it. Our some'in to eat wus well fixed an' cooked. We caught a lot o' possums, coons an' other game, but I tell yer a coon is a lot harder to ketch den a possum. We had one garden, an' de colored people tended the garden, an' we all et out'n it.
"Dere was about 2000 acres in de plantation. All de farm lan' was fenced in wid wood rails. De hogs, cows an' stock was turned out in de woods, an' let go. The cows was drived home at night, dat is if dey didn't come up. Dat is so we could milk de ones we wanted ter milk.
"We dug ditches to drain de lan', blin' ditches; we dug 'em an' den put poles on top, an' covered 'em wid brush an' dirt. We put de brush on de poles to keep de dirt from runnin' through. Den we ploughed over de ditches.
"We tanned our leather in a tan trough. We used white oak bark an' red oak bark. Dey put copperas in it too, I think.
"I knows how to raise flax. You grow it an' when it is grown you pull it clean up out of de groun' till it kinder rots. Dey have what dey called a brake, den it was broke up in dat. De bark was de flax. Dey had a stick called a swingle stick, made kinder like a sword. Dey used dis to knock de sticks out o' de flax. Dey would den put de flax on a hackle, a board wid a lot of pegs in it. Den dey clean an' string it out till it looks lak your hair. Dey flax when it came from de hackles was ready for de wheel whur it was spun into thread. I tell you, you couldn't break it either.
"When it was spun into thread dey put it on a reel. It turned 100 times and struck, when it struck it was called a cut. When it come from de wheel it was called a broach. De cuts stood fer so much flax. So many cuts made a yard, but dere was more ter do, size it, and hank it before it was weaved. Most of the white people had flax clothes.
"We had no church on de plantation. We had prayer meetin' an' candy pullin's, an' we would ask slaves from udder plantations. My master had no public corn shuckin's. His slaves shucked his corn. He had about 50 head. De slaves dey went to de white folks church. Dey had a place separate from de white folks by a railin'. We could look at de preacher an' hear him preach too.
"No, sirree, dey wouldn't let us have no books. Dey would not let none o' de chilluns tell us anything about a book. I cain't read an' write, not a bit. Dey preached ter us to obey our master. Preacher John Ellington was my favorite preacher. No nigger was allowed ter preach. Dey was allowed ter pray and shout sometimes, but dey better not be ketched wid a book. De songs dat dey sung den, dey hardly ever sing 'em now. Dey were de good ole songs. 'Hark from de tomb de doleful sound'. 'My years are tender,' 'Cry, You livin' man,' 'Come view dis groun' where we must shortly lie'.
"No one ran away from our plantation, but dey did from some other plantations. When some o' de niggers were carried by their masters to wait on 'em as servants up no'th, some o' de other people would see how dey were treated an' git 'em to run away. When dere master started home dey couldn't find 'em. Dey took and educated 'em and made women an' men out'en 'em.
"We visited at night during slavery time. De men went courtin'. When a man, a slave, loved a 'oman on another plantation dey axed der master, sometimes de master would ax de other master. If dey agreed all de slave man an' 'oman had ter do Sa'dy night was fer him to come over an' dey would go to bed together. Dere was no marriage-until atter de surrender. All who wanted to keep de same 'oman atter de surrender had to pay 25cents fer er marriage license, den $150, den $3.00. If de magistrate married you, you didn't have to pay anything, less he charged you.
"We got de holidays, Christmas, and atter lay-by-time o' de crops. Dey had big dinners den. Dey had big tables set in de yard, de rations was spread on 'em, an' everybody at. We had brandy at Christmas.
"I have been whupped twice, an' I have seen slaves whupped. Ha! Ha! missus whupped me. She wouldn't let nobody else whup me neither. I 'members what it was about as if it was yesterday. She was fretted 'bout de cook. We was skinnin' i'sh taters. She tole us to make haste, if we didn't make haste an' peel de taters she would whack us down. I laughed, she sent me to git a switch. She hit me on de legs. When we were whupped we would say, 'oh! pray,' and dey would ouit. If you acted stubborn dey would whup you more. She axed me, 'ain't you gwine ter say 'oh! pray?' I was mad. She was not hurtin' me much, an' I wouldn't say nuthin'. Atter awhile I said, 'oh! pray', an' she quit. I had good owners all o' dem. My masters never did hit me. Missus would not whup me much. She jes wanted ter show off sometimes.
"We had good doctors when we got sick. I 'members Dr. James o' Clayton comin' to our house. Dey carried dere pills an' medicine den, an' lef' it at de house fer you.
"My master had a son in de war, Walter Pool. He was a footso'dier at first. He got sick an' he come home sick on er furlough. He hired er man to go in his place at first, den de man went. Atter awhile de men got so skurce, he had to go agin; den he got de chance to go in de cavalry. Ole master bought him a horse, an' he could ride nex' time. He belonged to the 1st. Ga. Reg. 2nd Cavalry Gen. Dange's Brigade, C. Co. N. C. Volunteers.
"I saw de Confederates' General Johnson come through
Clayton, an' de Yankees come de second day atter dey come through. I think I seed enough Yankees come through dere to whup anything on God's earth. De Yankees camped three miles from our plantation at Mrs. Widow Sarah Saunders across White Oak Creek on de Averysboro road. Her son, Capt. Ed. Saunders was in de Confederate Army. She was a big slave owner. She had about 100 slaves. She was called a rich 'oman.
"De Yankees played songs o' walkin' de streets of Baltimore an' walkin' in Maryland. Dey really played it. Dey slaughtered cows and sometimes only et de liver. I went to de camp atter dey lef' an' it was de awfulest stink I ever smelt in my life. Dey lef' dem cows part o' 'em lying whur dey were in de camp. Dey killed geese an' chickens, an' skinned 'em. Sometimes dey skinned de hind quarters uv a cow, cut 'em off an' lef' de res'.
"When dey tole me I was free I didn't notice it, I stayed on and worked jest lak I had been doin', right on wid missus and master. I stayed dere a year atter de surrender.
"I dunno what ter think o' Abraham Lincoln. Dey said he was all right. I guess he was a man God loved, or all rightman. I think some o' de slaves was better off when dey had owners and was in slavery den dey is now. De colored people are slaves now more den dey was den. I can show you wherein de nigger's got all his expenses ter bear now. He gits his pay out'en de white man and de white man don't pay him much. De nigger in de South is jest as much a slave as ever. De nigger now is a better slave den when dey owned him, 'cause he has his own expenses to bear. If you works a horse an' doan have him ter feed, you is better off, dan if you had ter feed and care fer him. Dat is de way dat thing is now.
"I seed many patterollers durin' slavery. If dey caught you out at night without a pass dey would whup you.
"I think Mr. Roosevelt is a mighty nice man. He has done me a lot o' good. No man can make times real good till everybody is put to work. Wid de lan' lyin' out dere can't be real good times. Dis is my 'lustration. My horse died las' year. I ain't got no money ter buy nother and can't git one. You see dat lan' lyin' out dere I have farmed it every year fer a long time. Through part o' de year I always had vegetables and sich ter sell, but now my horse is dead an' I can't farm no more. I ain't got nothin' ter sell. I is bad out o' heart. I shore hope sumpin' will be done fer me."
